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Crafting Effective Prompts

Writing clear, well-structured prompts is crucial for your voice agent’s success. Follow these guidelines to create agents that understand and respond accurately.

Core Prompting Principles

Be Clear and Specific
  • Define exactly what your agent should accomplish
  • Use simple, direct language in your instructions
  • Avoid ambiguous terms or vague objectives
  • Start with a concise prompt and add details iteratively
Set Conversation Boundaries
  • Specify the agent’s role clearly (e.g., “You are a customer support representative”)
  • Define what topics the agent should and shouldn’t discuss
  • Set expectations for conversation length and depth
  • Example: “Keep responses under 2 sentences unless asked for more detail”
Provide Context
  • Include relevant background about your business
  • Explain industry-specific terminology
  • Define your brand voice and tone
  • Share common customer scenarios

Prompt Structure Template

Role: You are a [specific role] for [company name]

Objective: Your goal is to [clear objective]

Constraints:
- Keep responses concise and under [X] sentences
- Always [required behavior]
- Never [prohibited behavior]

Key Information:
[Relevant business details, policies, or data]

Conversation Flow:
1. [Opening approach]
2. [Main interaction guidelines]
3. [Closing procedure]

Critical Voice-Specific Considerations

Numbers and Formatting

Always Write Numbers as Words
  • Wrong: “Your order number is 12345”
  • Correct: “Your order number is one two three four five”
  • Wrong: “The total is $91.50”
  • Correct: “The total is ninety-one dollars and fifty cents”
Why this matters: Text-to-speech engines pronounce written numbers more naturally when spelled out, preventing confusion like “ninety-one” being heard as “nine one” or vice versa. Special Number Cases:
  • Phone numbers: “nine one four, two three five, six seven eight nine”
  • Prices: “twenty-nine dollars and ninety-nine cents”
  • Dates: “March fifteenth, twenty twenty-five”
  • Times: “three thirty PM” or “fifteen hundred hours”
  • Percentages: “fifteen percent” not “15%“

Multi-Language and Script Considerations

For Hinglish (Hindi-English Mix)
  • Write Hindi words in Devanagari script: “आपका नाम क्या है?”
  • Don’t use romanized Hindi in prompts: Avoid “aapka naam kya hai”
  • Mix naturally: “Hello, आपकी मदद के लिए मैं यहाँ हूं”
  • Ensure your TTS voice supports Devanagari rendering
For Other Mixed Languages
  • Arabic: Use Arabic script (العربية) not transliteration
  • Chinese: Use appropriate characters (中文) not pinyin
  • Korean: Use Hangul (한국어) not romanization
  • Japanese: Use proper mix of Hiragana, Katakana, Kanji
Script Consistency Rules:
  • Keep each language in its native script throughout
  • Don’t switch scripts mid-sentence for the same language
  • Test pronunciation with your chosen TTS voice
  • Provide pronunciation guides for brand names or unique terms

Pronunciation and Clarity

Spell Out Acronyms Intentionally
  • If you want it pronounced as letters: “F A Q” or “U S A”
  • If it’s a word: “FAQ” (pronounced “fak”) or “NASA”
  • For clarity, add pronunciation hints: “FAQ (F-A-Q)” in your knowledge base
Technical Terms and Brand Names
  • Add phonetic spellings for difficult words
  • Example: “Tabbly (TAB-lee)” in your training data
  • Create a pronunciation dictionary for industry jargon
  • Test how TTS handles technical vocabulary
Punctuation Affects Speech
  • Commas create brief pauses
  • Periods create longer pauses
  • Question marks raise intonation at the end
  • Exclamation marks add emphasis (use sparingly)
  • Use ellipses (…) for thoughtful pauses

Conversation Design Best Practices

Keep It Natural

Avoid Robotic Patterns
  • “Let me connect you with our billing team”
Use Conversational Fillers Sparingly
  • Occasional: “Hmm, let me check that for you”
  • Don’t overuse: “Um,” “uh,” “like” in every response
Handle Interruptions Gracefully
  • Program responses for when users cut in
  • Example: “Oh, sorry—go ahead” or “Yes, I’m listening”

Context and Memory

Reference Previous Statements
  • “As you mentioned earlier about…”
  • “Based on what you told me…”
  • This shows the agent is truly listening
Maintain Conversation State
  • Track what information has been collected
  • Don’t ask for the same details twice
  • Build on previous answers logically

Error Handling and Fallbacks

When the Agent Doesn’t Understand
  • ✅ “I didn’t quite catch that. Could you rephrase?”
  • ✅ “Just to clarify, are you asking about [interpretation]?”
Escalation Pathways
  • Define clear triggers for human handoff
  • Example: “If user says ‘speak to a person’ more than once, transfer immediately”
  • Set frustration detection: “I can tell this is urgent. Let me connect you with someone who can help right away”

Prompt Testing and Refinement

Iterative Improvement Process

1. Start Simple
  • Begin with a basic prompt covering core functionality
  • Test thoroughly in the playground
  • Identify gaps and confusion points
2. Add Complexity Gradually
  • Layer in additional instructions one at a time
  • Test after each addition
  • Remove anything that doesn’t improve performance
3. Test Edge Cases
  • Unusual requests
  • Ambiguous phrasing
  • Multiple questions at once
  • Background noise scenarios
  • Various accents and speaking speeds
4. Monitor Real Conversations
  • Review call transcripts regularly
  • Identify common misunderstandings
  • Update prompts based on actual user behavior
  • Track improvement metrics over time

Common Pitfall Avoidance

Don’t Overload the Prompt
  • Too many instructions confuse the agent
  • Prioritize the most important behaviors
  • Use knowledge base for detailed information
Avoid Contradictory Instructions
  • “Be brief but comprehensive” creates confusion
  • Choose one priority: brevity OR detail
  • Make trade-offs explicit
Don’t Assume Knowledge
  • Explain context the agent can’t infer
  • Provide definitions for industry terms
  • Include relevant background information

Language-Specific Prompting Tips

English Variants

US English
  • Use American spelling and terminology
  • “elevator” not “lift,” “apartment” not “flat”
  • Date format: “March 15th, 2025”
UK English
  • British spelling and phrasing
  • “lift” not “elevator,” “mobile” not “cell phone”
  • Date format: “15th March 2025”
Indian English
  • May include local terms: “lakh” (hundred thousand), “crore” (ten million)
  • Write these clearly: “two lakh” or “two hundred thousand”

Non-English Languages

Formality Levels
  • Spanish: Choose between “tú” (informal) and “usted” (formal)
  • Japanese: Define keigo (politeness) level
  • German: Specify “du” vs “Sie”
  • Korean: Set appropriate honorific level
Regional Variations
  • Spanish: Spain vs Latin America differences
  • Portuguese: Brazil vs Portugal variants
  • Arabic: MSA (Modern Standard) vs dialect
  • Chinese: Simplified vs Traditional characters